'Arab' and 'Arabian' redirect here. For other uses, see and. Arabs عَرَب ( ' ‘arab') Total population c. Arabic epitaph of, son of 'Amr, king of all the Arabs', inscribed in. Basalt, dated in 7 Kislul, 223, viz. 7 December 328 AD.

Found at in the (). The earliest documented use of the word 'Arab' to refer to a people appears in the, an record of the ninth century BC, which referred to of the under, who fought as part of a coalition opposed to. Listed among the booty captured by the army of king of in the are 1000 camels of 'Gi-in-di-bu'u the ar-ba-a-a' or '[the man] Gindibu belonging to the Arab ( ar-ba-a-a being an adjectival of the noun ʿarab ). The related word ʾaʿrāb is still used to refer to Bedouins today, in contrast to ʿarab which refers to Arabs in general.

The oldest surviving indication of an Arab national identity is an inscription made in an archaic form of Arabic in 328 using the, which refers to as 'King of all the Arabs'. Refers to the Arabs in the Sinai, southern Palestine, and the frankincense region (Southern Arabia).

Other ancient Greek historians like, and mention Arabs living in Mesopotamia (along the Euphrates), in Egypt (the Sinai and the Red Sea), southern Jordan (the ), the Syrian steppe and in eastern Arabia (the people of ). Inscriptions dating to the 6th century BCE in Yemen include the term 'Arab'. The most popular Arab account holds that the word 'Arab' came from an father called who was supposedly the first to speak Arabic. Had another view; he states that Arabs were called Gharab ('West') by because Bedouins originally resided to the west of Mesopotamia; the term was then corrupted into 'Arab'. Yet another view is held by that the word 'Arabs' was initially applied to the of the ' valley. In Biblical etymology, 'Arab' (in Hebrew Arvi ) comes both from the desert origin of the Bedouins it originally described ( Arava means wilderness).

The root ʿ-r-b has several additional meanings in Semitic languages—including 'west/sunset,' 'desert,' 'mingle,' 'mixed,' 'merchant,' and 'raven'—and are 'comprehensible' with all of these having varying degrees of relevance to the emergence of the name. Recruitment Challenge Template Psd Torrent. It is also possible that some forms were from ʿ-B-R 'moving around' (Arabic ʿ-B-R 'traverse'), and hence, it is alleged, 'nomadic.' • • • Pre-Islamic Arabia refers to the Arabian Peninsula prior to the rise of Islam in the 630s. The study of Pre-Islamic Arabia is important to as it provides the context for the development of Islam. Some of the settled communities in the Arabian Peninsula developed into distinctive civilizations.

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Sources for these civilizations are not extensive, and are limited to archaeological evidence, accounts written outside of Arabia, and Arab oral traditions later recorded by Islamic scholars. Among the most prominent civilizations was, which arose around the 4th millennium BC and lasted to 538 BC, and, which arose around the 1st millennium BC and lasted to about 300 CE.

Additionally, from the beginning of the first millennium BC, was the home to a number of kingdoms, such as the, and the coastal areas of were controlled by the and from 300 BC. Origins and early history [ ]. Nabataean trade routes in. Medieval Arab divided Arabs into three groups: • 'Ancient Arabs', tribes that had vanished or been destroyed, such as and, often mentioned in the as examples of God's power to vanquish those who fought his prophets. • 'Pure Arabs' of, descending from.

The (Qahtanis) are said to have migrated from the land of following the destruction of the ( sadd Ma'rib). • The 'Arabized Arabs' ( mustaʿribah) of Central Arabia () and North Arabia, descending from the elder son of, through (hence, ).

The narrates that promised to beget from Ishmael twelve princes and turn him to a great nation. () The claims that the sons of intermingled with the 6 sons of, from, and their descendants were called Arabs and: And Ishmael and his sons, and the sons of and their sons, went together and dwelt from to the entering in of in all the land towards the East facing the desert. And these mingled with each other, and their name was called Arabs, and.